Pyramids of Giza it’s also called Ahramat Al-jizah and were built to endure eternity.
The monumental pyramids tombs are relics of the ancient Egyptians era and were constructed about 4,500 years ago.
Egypt’s pharaohs expected to turn into gods after death.
To prepare for the next world they built the temples and dedicated to the gods and massive different pyramid tombs for themselves.
filled with all the stuff each ruler would need and want to sustain and guide himself in the afterlife.
The pyramids were constructed on a rocky plateau near Giza in Northern Egypt on the west bank of the Nile
The pyramids of Giza were included in the seven wonders of the world in the old times
The ancient monuments and ruins of the Memphis, including the pyramids of Giza, Abusir, Dahshur, Abu Ruwaysh, and Saqqarah.
The pyramids’ names are Menkaure, Khafre, and Khufu as the names of the kings, who built the pyramids.
1.Khufu pyramid:-
It is the oldest and northernmost pyramid, it also the greatest pyramid
As it’s the height from each side at the base is 230 meters and it’s original height was 147 meters.
2- Khafre pyramid:-
It’s the middle pyramid, Khafre was the fourth king of the eight kings of the 4th dynasty;
its height is 216 meters on every side and its height is originally 143 meters.
3-Menkaure pyramid:
It’s the last and southernmost pyramid, the structure measures 109 meters from each side, it’s height is 66 meters
All of the three pyramids were robbed from the inside and outside during the ancient and medieval times,
so even the grave goods and statues that were originally saved and deposited in the burial chambers have vanished.
Also, the height of pyramids is not the same anymore because of their outermost casings f smooth and white limestone, have been completely stripped.
For example, the great pyramid’s height now is only 183 meters.
However, Khafre pyramid still has the outer limestone casing but only at the top part
Near every pyramid, there is a mortuary temple was constructed, and it was linked to a valley temple by a sloping causeway
Near from this site, there are also some subsidiary pyramids, where some members of the royal family were buried
Khufu’s pyramid is probably the most massive and colossal building ever built on planet earth
The side of the pyramid is raised by angle 51°52′ and they are accurately directed to the four cardinal points of the compass
The core of the great pyramid is made of thinner light-colored limestone, the outer casing, and the burial chamber that is built of big blocks of granite.
About 2.3 million stone rocks were cut, transferred and gathered to construct the 5.75 million ton structure.
Which is considered until now a masterpiece of ancient Egypt that display the incredible engineering ability and technical skills
The great pyramid entrance is on the north side, it’s about 18 meters higher than the ground level
A sloppy passageway descends from the entrance through the interior masonry of the pyramid,
which penetrates the rocks on which the site it’s located, and it ends in the unfinished underground chamber.
From the descending passageway branches an ascending corridor
it leads to a room called the Queen’s chamber and also to an amazing great slanting gallery and it’s about 46 meters long.
The upper side from this great gallery is a narrow and long corridor open access to the burial room proper.
it’s also known as the king’s chamber is entirely roofed and lined in the granite.
This chamber has two small and narrow shafts that run obliquely through out the masonry to outside the great pyramid.
None knows if these shafts were designed for ventilation only or for a religious purpose.
There are five compartments separated from each other by huge horizontal granite slabs.
It’s possible that the purpose of these granite slabs was to protect the ceiling of the burial chamber from the massive and huge activities during the construction process.
The answer about, how were the pyramids built?
Never was satisfying and logic answer
However, the most logical answer is that the ancient Egyptians used an encircling and a sloppy embankment brick, earth, and sand
The huge block was carried up the ramp by using rollers, levers, sledges
an ancient Greek historian said that it took 100.000 men and 20 years to construct the great pyramid.
The great Sphinx lies near Khafre’s valley temple to the south side of Khufu’s pyramid.
The great Sphinx is carved into the limestone, it has facial characteristics of a human male.
But its body is for a recumbent lion; it’s about 73 meters long and 20 meters high.
In 1925, a pit tomb was discovered, it was containing the transferred burial equipment that belonged to Queen Hetepheres, Khufu’s mother.
It’s location near the upper side of Khufu’s causeway.
In the late 1980s and 90s, some excavations were discovered in the surrounded area of the pyramids.
that show the workers’ districts that including workshops, storage areas, bakeries, and the small tombs which were for the laborers and artisans.
What we know about the builders that they were skilled, had good nutrition and lived in nearby temporary districts.
Archaeological digs on the incredible site have revealed a very well organized community, rich with resources, that must have been supported by a strong central authority.
It’s possible that communities in Egypt helped the workers, and supply them with food and other essentials,
for what became in some ways a national project to declare the wealth and authority of the ancient pharaohs.
Check out our trips to the Pyramids of Giza.
related post:
what is the story of the Great Sphinx? who was the king building it?
